c2design's FireMonkey Cross Platform Projects: Implementation of a circle impulse physics engine simulator

unit CBUnit;

interface

uses

System.SysUtils, System.Types, System.UITypes, System.Classes, System.Variants, System.Generics.Collections,

FMX.Types, FMX.Controls, FMX.Forms, FMX.Graphics, FMX.Dialogs, FMX.Controls.Presentation, FMX.StdCtrls, FMX.Objects,

FMX.Layouts;

type

TCirclePhysics = record

VX: Single;

VY: Single;

ProtectUntil: Cardinal; // 이 시각까지 생존 보호

end;

type

TForm1 = class(TForm)

Button1: TButton;

Circle1: TCircle;

TimerPhysics: TTimer;

LayoutRoot: TLayout;

Circle2: TCircle;

Circle3: TCircle;

Circle4: TCircle;

Timer1: TTimer;

Text1: TText;

procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);

procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);

procedure TimerPhysicsTimer(Sender: TObject);

procedure Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject);

private

FCircleMap: TDictionary<TCircle, TCirclePhysics>;

FRemoveQueue: TList<TCircle>;

procedure UpdateCirclePhysics(ACircle: TCircle);

procedure AddNewCircle(ASpeed: Single);

procedure RegisterCircle(ACircle: TCircle; ASpeed: Single; ADirection: Integer);

procedure CheckCircleCollision(C1, C2: TCircle);

procedure RemoveCircle(ACircle: TCircle);

procedure SplitCircleOnWall(ACircle: TCircle; HitVerticalWall, HitHorizontalWall: Boolean);

procedure Create_SpawnCircle;

public

{ Public declarations }

C_Width, C_Height : single;

end;

var

Form1: TForm1;

implementation

const

C_Spped = 20;

MIN_CIRCLE_SIZE = 40; // ← 여기만 바꾸면 됨

SPLIT_SPEED_FACTOR = 0.6;

WALL_PROTECT_MS = 800; // 0.8초 (추천: 500~1200)

MIN_AXIS_COMPONENT = 0.35; // 0.3~0.4 권장

{$R *.fmx}

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

begin

Button1.Visible := FALSE;

Circle1.Position.X := LayoutRoot.Width / 3;

Circle2.Position.X := LayoutRoot.Width / 3;

Circle3.Position.X := LayoutRoot.Width / 3 * 2;

Circle4.Position.X := LayoutRoot.Width / 3 * 2;

Circle1.Position.Y := LayoutRoot.Height / 3;

Circle3.Position.Y := LayoutRoot.Height / 3;

Circle2.Position.Y := LayoutRoot.Height / 3 * 2;

Circle4.Position.y := LayoutRoot.Height / 3 * 2;

RegisterCircle(Circle1, C_Spped, 1 ); // 미리 만들어진 써클

RegisterCircle(Circle2, C_Spped, 3 ); // 미리 만들어진 써클

RegisterCircle(Circle3, C_Spped, 2 ); // 미리 만들어진 써클

RegisterCircle(Circle4, C_Spped, 4 ); // 미리 만들어진 써클

TimerPhysics.Enabled := True;

Timer1.Enabled := TRUE;

end;

procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);

begin

C_Width := 200; // 120 + Random(240 - 120 + 1); // 120 ~ 260

C_Height := C_Width;

FCircleMap := TDictionary<TCircle, TCirclePhysics>.Create;

FRemoveQueue := TList<TCircle>.Create;

end;

procedure TForm1.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);

begin

FCircleMap.Free;

FRemoveQueue.Free;

end;

procedure TForm1.RegisterCircle(ACircle: TCircle; ASpeed: Single; ADirection: Integer );

var

Phys: TCirclePhysics;

begin

case ADirection of

1: begin Phys.VX := ASpeed; Phys.VY := ASpeed; end;

2: begin Phys.VX := -ASpeed; Phys.VY := ASpeed; end;

3: begin Phys.VX := ASpeed; Phys.VY := -ASpeed; end;

4: begin Phys.VX := -ASpeed; Phys.VY := -ASpeed; end;

else

Phys.VX := ASpeed;

Phys.VY := ASpeed;

end;

Phys.ProtectUntil := 0; // ← 보호 초기화

if FCircleMap.ContainsKey(ACircle) then

FCircleMap.Remove(ACircle);

FCircleMap.Add(ACircle, Phys);

end;

//----------------------------------------------------------

procedure TForm1.UpdateCirclePhysics(ACircle: TCircle);

const

WALL_PUSH = 2.0; // 벽에서 밀어내는 거리

WALL_ANGLE_JITTER = 0.05; // 벽 반사 시 미세 각도 교란 (라디안)

var

Phys: TCirclePhysics;

NextX, NextY: Single;

HitV, HitH: Boolean;

begin

if not FCircleMap.TryGetValue(ACircle, Phys) then

Exit;

HitV := False;

HitH := False;

// 다음 위치 예측

NextX := ACircle.Position.X + Phys.VX;

NextY := ACircle.Position.Y + Phys.VY;

// -------- 좌 / 우 벽 --------

if NextX <= 0 then

begin

Phys.VX := Abs(Phys.VX);

ACircle.Position.X := WALL_PUSH; // 벽 밖으로 밀기

HitV := True;

end

else if (NextX + ACircle.Width) >= LayoutRoot.Width then

begin

Phys.VX := -Abs(Phys.VX);

ACircle.Position.X := LayoutRoot.Width - ACircle.Width - WALL_PUSH;

HitV := True;

end

else

ACircle.Position.X := NextX;

// -------- 상 / 하 벽 --------

if NextY <= 0 then

begin

Phys.VY := Abs(Phys.VY);

ACircle.Position.Y := WALL_PUSH;

HitH := True;

end

else if (NextY + ACircle.Height) >= LayoutRoot.Height then

begin

Phys.VY := -Abs(Phys.VY);

ACircle.Position.Y := LayoutRoot.Height - ACircle.Height - WALL_PUSH;

HitH := True;

end

else

ACircle.Position.Y := NextY;

// -------- 벽 반사 후 미세 각도 교란 --------

if HitV or HitH then

begin

Phys.VX := Phys.VX + (Random - 0.5) * WALL_ANGLE_JITTER * Abs(Phys.VY);

Phys.VY := Phys.VY + (Random - 0.5) * WALL_ANGLE_JITTER * Abs(Phys.VX);

// 벽 충돌 시 분리 처리

SplitCircleOnWall(ACircle, HitV, HitH);

end;

// 물리 정보 저장

FCircleMap[ACircle] := Phys;

end;

//------------------------------------------------------------------

procedure TForm1.CheckCircleCollision(C1, C2: TCircle);

var

P1, P2: TCirclePhysics;

Dx, Dy: Single;

Dist, MinDist: Single;

NX, NY: Single;

Overlap: Single;

TempVX, TempVY: Single;

begin

if not FCircleMap.TryGetValue(C1, P1) then Exit;

if not FCircleMap.TryGetValue(C2, P2) then Exit;

// 중심 거리 계산

Dx := (C2.Position.X + C2.Width * 0.5) -

(C1.Position.X + C1.Width * 0.5);

Dy := (C2.Position.Y + C2.Height * 0.5) -

(C1.Position.Y + C1.Height * 0.5);

Dist := Sqrt(Dx*Dx + Dy*Dy);

MinDist := (C1.Width + C2.Width) * 0.5;

// 충돌 아님

if (Dist <= 0) or (Dist >= MinDist) then

Exit;

// ---------- 1️⃣ 위치 분리 (가장 중요) ----------

NX := Dx / Dist;

NY := Dy / Dist;

Overlap := MinDist - Dist;

// 두 공을 반씩 밀어냄

C1.Position.X := C1.Position.X - NX * (Overlap * 0.5);

C1.Position.Y := C1.Position.Y - NY * (Overlap * 0.5);

C2.Position.X := C2.Position.X + NX * (Overlap * 0.5);

C2.Position.Y := C2.Position.Y + NY * (Overlap * 0.5);

// ---------- 2️⃣ 속도 반사 (단순 교환) ----------

TempVX := P1.VX;

TempVY := P1.VY;

P1.VX := P2.VX;

P1.VY := P2.VY;

P2.VX := TempVX;

P2.VY := TempVY;

FCircleMap[C1] := P1;

FCircleMap[C2] := P2;

end;

//*********************************************************************

procedure TForm1.TimerPhysicsTimer(Sender: TObject);

var

List: TArray<TCircle>;

I, J: Integer;

C: TCircle;

begin

// 1) 스냅샷

List := FCircleMap.Keys.ToArray;

// 2) 이동 + 벽 처리

for I := 0 to High(List) do

if FCircleMap.ContainsKey(List[I]) then

UpdateCirclePhysics(List[I]);

// 3) 공–공 충돌

for I := 0 to High(List) do

for J := I + 1 to High(List) do

if FCircleMap.ContainsKey(List[I]) and

FCircleMap.ContainsKey(List[J]) then

CheckCircleCollision(List[I], List[J]);

// 4) 여기서만 실제 제거

for C in FRemoveQueue do

begin

FCircleMap.Remove(C);

C.Parent := nil;

C.Free;

end;

FRemoveQueue.Clear;

end;

//-----------------------------------------------------------

// 미사용

procedure TForm1.AddNewCircle(ASpeed: Single);

var

C: TCircle;

OuterColor: TAlphaColor;

begin

C := TCircle.Create(LayoutRoot);

C.Parent := LayoutRoot;

// ---- 아래 값들은 질문에 주신 Circle1 값을 그대로 적용 ----

C.Fill.Kind := TBrushKind.Gradient;

C.Fill.Gradient.Style := TGradientStyle.Radial;

C.Width := C_Width;

C.Height :=C_Height;

C.Stroke.Kind := TBrushKind.None; // 원본에 Stroke 언급 없으니 일반적으로 없음 처리

// 위치는 원본값 고정 대신 "생성용"이므로 랜덤

C.Position.X := Random(Round(LayoutRoot.Width - C.Width));

C.Position.Y := Random(Round(LayoutRoot.Height - C.Height));

// ---- Gradient Points 구성 (포인트 '생성'은 필요함) ----

C.Fill.Gradient.Points.Clear;

C.Fill.Gradient.Points.Add; // item 0 생성

C.Fill.Gradient.Points.Add; // item 1 생성

// 원본 구조 그대로:

// item0: 바깥색, Offset 0

// item1: 흰색, Offset 1

OuterColor :=

$FF000000 or

(Random(256) shl 16) or

(Random(256) shl 8) or

Random(256);

C.Fill.Gradient.Points[0].Offset := 0.0;

C.Fill.Gradient.Points[0].Color := OuterColor; // 바깥쪽 랜덤

C.Fill.Gradient.Points[1].Offset := 1.0;

C.Fill.Gradient.Points[1].Color := $FFFFFFFF;

// 물리 등록

RegisterCircle(C, ASpeed, 1 ); // 일단 1

end;

//-----------------------------------------------------------------

procedure TForm1.RemoveCircle(ACircle: TCircle);

begin

if not FRemoveQueue.Contains(ACircle) then

FRemoveQueue.Add(ACircle);

end;

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

procedure TForm1.SplitCircleOnWall( ACircle: TCircle; HitVerticalWall: Boolean; HitHorizontalWall: Boolean );

var

Phys: TCirclePhysics;

NewCircle: TCircle;

NewSize: Single;

Speed: Single;

Angle: Single;

DX, DY: Single;

NowTick: Cardinal;

begin

// 물리 정보 확인

if not FCircleMap.TryGetValue(ACircle, Phys) then

Exit;

NowTick := TThread.GetTickCount;

// 보호 중이면 분리 금지

if NowTick < Phys.ProtectUntil then

Exit;

// 최소 크기 도달 → 제거

if ACircle.Width <= MIN_CIRCLE_SIZE then

begin

RemoveCircle(ACircle);

Exit;

end;

// 현재 속도 크기 계산

Speed := Sqrt(Phys.VX * Phys.VX + Phys.VY * Phys.VY);

if Speed < 0.01 then

Speed := 16;

// 분리 시 감속 (전체 분위기 제어 포인트)

Speed := Speed * 0.8; // ← 원하면 0.5 ~ 0.8 조절

// 크기 절반

NewSize := ACircle.Width * 0.6;

ACircle.Width := NewSize;

ACircle.Height := NewSize;

// -------- 랜덤 분리 방향 --------

repeat

Angle := Random * 2 * Pi;

DX := Cos(Angle);

DY := Sin(Angle);

until (Abs(DX) > MIN_AXIS_COMPONENT) and

(Abs(DY) > MIN_AXIS_COMPONENT);

// -------- 기존 공 --------

// 위치 분리 (겹침 방지)

ACircle.Position.X := ACircle.Position.X + DX * NewSize;

ACircle.Position.Y := ACircle.Position.Y + DY * NewSize;

// 속도: 방향만 변경, 크기 유지

Phys.VX := Speed * DX;

Phys.VY := Speed * DY;

// 보호 시작

Phys.ProtectUntil := NowTick + WALL_PROTECT_MS;

FCircleMap[ACircle] := Phys;

// -------- 새 공 --------

NewCircle := TCircle.Create(LayoutRoot);

NewCircle.Parent := LayoutRoot;

NewCircle.Width := NewSize;

NewCircle.Height := NewSize;

// 반대 방향으로 충분히 분리

NewCircle.Position.X := ACircle.Position.X - DX * NewSize * 2;

NewCircle.Position.Y := ACircle.Position.Y - DY * NewSize * 2;

// 외형 유지 (그라디언트 그대로)

NewCircle.Fill.Assign(ACircle.Fill);

NewCircle.Stroke.Assign(ACircle.Stroke);

// 새 공 물리 (정확히 반대 방향)

Phys.VX := -Speed * DX;

Phys.VY := -Speed * DY;

Phys.ProtectUntil := NowTick + WALL_PROTECT_MS;

FCircleMap.Add(NewCircle, Phys);

end;

//---------------------------------------------------------------

procedure TForm1.Create_SpawnCircle;

var

C: TCircle;

OuterColor: TAlphaColor;

begin

C := TCircle.Create(LayoutRoot);

C.Parent := LayoutRoot;

// ---- 크기 ----

C.Width := 200; // 120 + Random(240 - 120 + 1);

C.Height := C.Width;

// ---- 위치 (화면 안 랜덤) ----

C.Position.X := Random(Round(LayoutRoot.Width - C.Width));

C.Position.Y := Random(Round(LayoutRoot.Height - C.Height));

// ---- Gradient (Radial) ----

C.Fill.Kind := TBrushKind.Gradient;

C.Fill.Gradient.Style := TGradientStyle.Radial;

// 포인트 초기화

C.Fill.Gradient.Points.Clear;

// 포인트 2개 "생성" (색 지정은 나중에 대입)

C.Fill.Gradient.Points.Add;

// 바깥쪽 색상 (랜덤)

OuterColor :=

$FF000000 or

(Random(256) shl 16) or

(Random(256) shl 8) or

Random(256);

// FMX 템플릿 구조 그대로:

// item0: 바깥색, Offset 0

// item1: 센터 흰색, Offset 1

C.Fill.Gradient.Points[0].Offset := 0.0;

C.Fill.Gradient.Points[0].Color := OuterColor;

C.Fill.Gradient.Points[1].Offset := 1.0;

C.Fill.Gradient.Points[1].Color := $FFFFFFFF; // white

// ---- 테두리 제거 ----

C.Stroke.Kind := TBrushKind.None;

// ---- 물리 등록 ----

RegisterCircle(C, C_Spped, 1 + Random(4));

end;

procedure TForm1.Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject);

begin

Text1.Text := FCircleMap.Count.ToString;

if FCircleMap.Count < 100 then // 전체 공 갯수 제한.

Create_SpawnCircle();

end;

end.

c2design's FireMonkey Cross Platform Projects

Implementation of a circle impulse physics engine simulator

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